Clean water or mineral-free water? The overlooked side of choosing a filter
The quality of drinking water plays an important role in protecting human health.
Microorganisms, heavy metals, chemicals and other contaminants found in water can cause long-term health problems. Therefore, water purification is important not only for improving its appearance and taste but also for reducing potential health risks. However, not all water filters have the same effect, and choosing the right one requires taking the water’s composition into account.
The main purpose of water filters is to reduce or completely remove unwanted substances from water. Various technologies are used for this purpose. Activated carbon filters mainly help reduce chlorine, certain organic compounds, and unpleasant tastes and odours. However, these filters do not remove all heavy metals, salts or microorganisms. For this reason, attention should be paid not only to the general features of a filter but also to the specific contaminants it has been tested to remove.
One of the most widely used purification methods is reverse osmosis technology. These systems pass water through a special semipermeable membrane, significantly reducing the levels of various dissolved salts, heavy metals, nitrates and other contaminants. At the same time, reverse osmosis removes not only harmful substances but also some beneficial minerals, such as calcium, magnesium and potassium. Therefore, when using such systems, it is important to consider how the mineral composition of the water changes.
Another purification method is ultraviolet (UV) treatment. This technology is used to neutralise bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms. UV systems do not add chemicals to water or alter its mineral composition. However, this method does not remove heavy metals, salts, chemical contaminants or particles. In addition, the effectiveness of UV radiation depends on the water’s turbidity and the proper functioning of the system.
Mechanical filters also play an important role in water purification. They remove sand, rust, sediment and other suspended particles from water. Such filters can be particularly useful when tap water contains visible deposits. However, mechanical filtration does not remove chemicals, dissolved salts or all microorganisms. In some systems, mechanical filtration is combined with carbon or other purification technologies to achieve better results.
Preserving the minerals in water is one of the key considerations when choosing a filter. Calcium and magnesium are essential for strong bones and teeth, muscle function and the normal functioning of the nervous system. Some of these minerals are also obtained through drinking water. Hard water, in particular, contains higher levels of calcium and magnesium. However, the body’s primary requirements for these substances should be met through a balanced diet.
There are also reverse osmosis systems equipped with a remineralisation function for those who use this technology. Through a special mineralisation stage, these systems can add certain amounts of calcium and magnesium back into the water. Nevertheless, the presence of a mineralisation function does not mean that the filter solves every problem or automatically makes the water healthier. The main priority is to ensure water safety and maintain an appropriate mineral composition.
To choose the right filter, the quality of the water being used should first be tested. Clear water with no unpleasant smell or taste does not necessarily mean it is completely safe. Some contaminants can only be detected through laboratory testing. For example, the presence of lead, arsenic, nitrates and other substances cannot be identified through ordinary observation. Therefore, it is advisable to examine the chemical and microbiological composition of water before purchasing a filter.
Compliance with international standards should also be taken into account when buying a filter. The NSF/ANSI 42 standard primarily covers the reduction of chlorine, taste and odour issues. NSF/ANSI 53 addresses the reduction of certain contaminants that may affect human health, while NSF/ANSI 58 covers the performance of reverse osmosis systems. However, the presence of a standard does not mean that a filter removes all harmful substances. It is necessary to check separately which specific contaminants the product is certified to reduce.
Regular cleaning and replacement of filters are also essential for their proper functioning. A filter that is not replaced on time may become less effective, while contaminants and microorganisms can accumulate inside it. The service life of each filter depends on its model, water quality and daily usage volume. Therefore, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions and replace filter cartridges and membranes at the recommended intervals.
Thus, the most appropriate approach to water purification is not excessive filtration, but choosing a technology that matches the composition of the water. Both the reduction of harmful contaminants and the preservation of beneficial minerals should be taken into consideration. Laboratory testing, certified filters, proper maintenance and a balanced diet are the key conditions for safe water consumption.
Aysel Matlab
